Start with short recordings, then work through longer phrases. Listen once for the situation and again for the words.
Use the zero conditional for a fact, rule, or usual result: If a plant does not get water, it dies. Use the first conditional for a possible future condition and result: If the weather improves tomorrow, we will eat outside. After if, use a present form in both patterns.
Use no article when you mean things or substances in general, as in Dogs need exercise and Water freezes at 0°C. Also use no article in common expressions such as have breakfast, speak English, study history, go to school, be at home, and go to bed.
i.e. means in other words or that is. It introduces a restatement or exact clarification. e.g. means for example. It introduces examples that are not a complete list.
À la carte means that you choose and pay for dishes separately. It contrasts with a set menu, where the restaurant offers a fixed combination of courses for one price.