Future perfect: form and practical use
Use the future perfect for a result that will be complete before a future reference point. Make it with will have plus a past participle: By noon, I will have completed the report.
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Gerunds and infinitives: choose the right verb form
Learn the verb together with the form that follows it. Enjoy usually takes an -ing form, while hope usually takes to plus the base verb. Check the meaning carefully with verbs such as remember, stop, and go on.
Gerunds and participles: how to tell them apart
A gerund is an -ing form used like a noun. A present participle is an -ing form used in a verb phrase or to modify a noun. A past participle usually has an -ed form or an irregular form such as written.
Glance and glimpse: understand the difference
Use glance for a quick act of looking, usually with at. Use glimpse for a brief or partial view, often with catch or of.
Gradable and non-gradable adjectives
Use words such as very, quite, fairly, and a bit with gradable adjectives. Use words such as absolutely, completely, and nearly with non-gradable adjectives. Check whether the adjective can naturally describe different points on a scale.
Grin like a Cheshire cat: meaning and use in English
If someone grins like a Cheshire cat, they have a very wide smile that shows strong pleasure, amusement, or satisfaction. The phrase can sound warm, teasing, or slightly suspicious, depending on the situation.
Guilty of or guilty for: choose the right preposition
Say guilty of when you mean that someone committed a wrong act. Say feel guilty about or feel guilty for when you mean personal regret.
Had had in English: understand the past perfect
In had had, the first had is the auxiliary that makes the past perfect. The second had is the past participle of have. Use the pattern when a possession, experience, meal, or event happened before another past time or event.
Have and get something done: the causative
Have or get plus an object and a past participle means that you arrange for someone else to do something: I had my laptop repaired. Get is often more informal than have.
Hedging language: sound precise and careful
Choose a hedge that matches what you know. Use may or might for a possible result, probably for a likely one, and phrases such as seems to or appears to when you are reporting an impression rather than a confirmed fact.
Hegemony: meaning and examples in English
Hegemony means a position of leading power or influence over other groups in a particular area, such as a region, market, or culture.
Heuristic meaning: a practical shortcut for solving problems
A heuristic is a practical rule or method for making a decision or solving a problem quickly. It guides a choice, but it does not guarantee a perfect answer.