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Use the zero conditional for a fact, rule, or usual result: If a plant does not get water, it dies. Use the first conditional for a possible future condition and result: If the weather improves tomorrow, we will eat outside. After if, use a present form in both patterns.
Use no article when you mean things or substances in general, as in Dogs need exercise and Water freezes at 0°C. Also use no article in common expressions such as have breakfast, speak English, study history, go to school, be at home, and go to bed.
i.e. means in other words or that is. It introduces a restatement or exact clarification. e.g. means for example. It introduces examples that are not a complete list.
À la carte means that you choose and pay for dishes separately. It contrasts with a set menu, where the restaurant offers a fixed combination of courses for one price.
Use aberration for an unusual event, result, or behavior that differs from the normal pattern. Use abeyance for something that is temporarily stopped, inactive, or waiting to resume.
Use absence to name someone or something not being present. Use in absentia after an action to say that it happened without the person concerned being there. For example, a student may be absent from a ceremony, and the degree may be awarded in absentia.
Use accuse when someone says that a person or group did something wrong. Use allege when someone makes or reports an unproven assertion. Accuse commonly follows the pattern accuse someone of doing something. Allege often follows allege that plus a clause.
Ad hoc means made or arranged for one particular need outside the regular plan. Write it as two words.
Adamant means very firm about what you think, want, or refuse to do, and not willing to change your mind.
Use an adjective clause after a noun when you need to identify it or add a useful detail. Use who for people, which for things, whose for possession, and where for places. In many identifying clauses, that can replace who or which. Use commas when the clause adds extra information rather than naming which person or thing you mean.
Use the usual sequence: opinion, size, age, shape, colour, origin, material, purpose, then the noun. For example, a lovely small old French wooden table. Leave out unnecessary adjectives so the phrase remains easy to follow.
Place broad opinions before physical details, and keep material and purpose close to the noun. Use the common order as a guide, then read the whole phrase for a natural result.